Patrick J. Kidd - FTP Concepts -

File Transfer Protocol
Basic Concepts

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

Overview of FTP

CHMOD
- UNIX permissions
- Quick Perl CHMOD Script, recurssive CHMOD, CGI CHMODER, Unix Linux servers, Change Permissions recursively, free chmoding perl script, free permission changing cgi script
- R=Read=4, W=Write=2, X=Execute=1
- ```
Owner  Group  Public  CHMOD Value
R-W    R-W    R-W       666
R-W-X  R      R         744
R-W-X  R-X    R-X       755
R-W-X  R-W    R-W       766
R-W-X  R-W-X  R-W-X     777
```
An FTP client (e.g. WS_FTP) will allow you to navigate the FTP server directories, access directories and files, select and manipulate files and directories, view files' contents, download and upload files.

Click on the file - to select one file
Ctrl-Click on any number of files - to select more than one file (in any order)
Click on the first file then Shift-Click on the last file - to select a group of files (together)

File compression: Since it takes less time for smaller files to be transferred over the Internet, files are often compressed or made smaller.

When you download a compressed file (*.zip, etc...) you must uncompress or unzip it. The best program for this is WinZip. (The evaluation version is free.)
When you download an executable program file (*.exe), it does not need WinZip. It is able to uncompress itself when you run it.
File Compression utilities: WinZip, 7-zip, etc.

Virus protection is essential when you obtain new software over the Internet. You should always scan any new downloaded files to make sure there is no virus.

Compare types of software: (Commercial software, Shareware, Freeware, Public Domain software, etc...)

FTP

FTP = A set of rules that provides for the transfer of files between computers.
Registered FTP = Full-privilege FTP = restricted access = Requires username and password
Anonymous FTP = Limited to publicly-accessible files. Your userID (login name) is Anonymous, and your password is your FQDN (fully-qualified domain name) or guest@unknown

FTP Server

FTP Server (computer) = Remote System (computer) = The other computer somewhere else
FTP Client (computer) = Local System (computer) = Your computer
- FTP Client software downloads

FTP Download

Upload a file to an FTP server computer. Usually not allowed (for security reasons). To upload files you will probably need a userID and password to access the server.
FTP Address = URL = Uniform Resource Locator = Protocol://DomainName/Path/Filename
Protocols: nntp:// mailto: ftp:// telnet:// gopher:// http:// file:///
UNIX addresses are often case-sensitive. (i.e. UPPERCASE, MixedCase, lowercase)
FTP Client software downloads

File Types

asc = ASCII = text = DOS = can be listed to the screen and read,
bin = binary = special file (executable, graphic, compressed, etc) not meant to be examined directly by users = not readable if listed to the screen = machine readable
File Compression – File extensions: ZIP, LHA, tar, Z, etc. (You need WinZIP)

FTP Searches

Archie = Archives = Search Tool = User-index of anonymous FTP
"Archie, derived from the phrase "file archive" is a service that maintains databases containing listings of files from various file transfer sites. Performing a query to find a specific file involves either sending e-mail to an Arche site or connecting to an Archie server via Telnet."

The username and password are case sensitive.
(A999999 is not the same as a999999 if the account is on a Linux/Unix server.)

If you want to use index.html, you must automatically redirect your visitor from index.html to index.htm You may copy this code (index.html) and upload (FTP) your new index.htm and this index.html to your account.

***Automatic Redirection / Forwarding***
index.html
<html> <head> <title>Redirection by PJK</title> <META HTTP-EQUIV="Refresh" CONTENT="0; URL=index.htm" > </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </body></html>